diff --git a/src/adjoint/outputForward/sa_d.f90 b/src/adjoint/outputForward/sa_d.f90
index 7d076aa76..9aeb520dd 100644
--- a/src/adjoint/outputForward/sa_d.f90
+++ b/src/adjoint/outputForward/sa_d.f90
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ subroutine sasource_d()
     real(kind=realtype), parameter :: f23=two*third
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cv13, kar2inv, cw36, cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1d, fv2d, ft2d
     real(kind=realtype) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2inv, chi, chi2, chi3
@@ -491,6 +492,7 @@ subroutine sasource()
     real(kind=realtype), parameter :: f23=two*third
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cv13, kar2inv, cw36, cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2inv, chi, chi2, chi3
     real(kind=realtype) :: rr, gg, gg6, termfw, fwsa, term1, term2
@@ -684,6 +686,7 @@ subroutine saviscous_d()
     implicit none
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: nu
     real(kind=realtype) :: nud
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
@@ -700,10 +703,7 @@ subroutine saviscous_d()
     real(kind=realtype) :: temp
     real(kind=realtype) :: temp0
     real(kind=realtype) :: temp1
-! set model constants
-    cv13 = rsacv1**3
-    kar2inv = one/rsak**2
-    cw36 = rsacw3**6
+! set model constant
     cb3inv = one/rsacb3
 !
 !       viscous terms in k-direction.
@@ -1092,6 +1092,7 @@ subroutine saviscous()
     implicit none
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: nu
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: voli, volmi, volpi, xm, ym, zm, xp, yp, zp
@@ -1099,10 +1100,7 @@ subroutine saviscous()
     real(kind=realtype) :: nutm, nutp, num, nup, cdm, cdp
     real(kind=realtype) :: c1m, c1p, c10, b1, c1, d1, qs
     intrinsic max
-! set model constants
-    cv13 = rsacv1**3
-    kar2inv = one/rsak**2
-    cw36 = rsacw3**6
+! set model constant
     cb3inv = one/rsacb3
 !
 !       viscous terms in k-direction.
diff --git a/src/adjoint/outputReverse/sa_b.f90 b/src/adjoint/outputReverse/sa_b.f90
index e960263e3..8e87c8523 100644
--- a/src/adjoint/outputReverse/sa_b.f90
+++ b/src/adjoint/outputReverse/sa_b.f90
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ subroutine sasource_b()
     real(kind=realtype), parameter :: f23=two*third
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cv13, kar2inv, cw36, cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1d, fv2d, ft2d
     real(kind=realtype) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2inv, chi, chi2, chi3
@@ -511,6 +512,7 @@ subroutine sasource()
     real(kind=realtype), parameter :: f23=two*third
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cv13, kar2inv, cw36, cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2inv, chi, chi2, chi3
     real(kind=realtype) :: rr, gg, gg6, termfw, fwsa, term1, term2
@@ -706,6 +708,7 @@ subroutine saviscous_b()
     implicit none
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: nu
     real(kind=realtype) :: nud
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
@@ -725,7 +728,7 @@ subroutine saviscous_b()
     real(kind=realtype) :: temp0
     real(kind=realtype) :: tempd0
     integer :: branch
-! set model constants
+! set model constant
     cb3inv = one/rsacb3
 !$bwd-of ii-loop 
     do ii=0,nx*ny*nz-1
@@ -1198,6 +1201,7 @@ subroutine saviscous()
     implicit none
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: nu
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: voli, volmi, volpi, xm, ym, zm, xp, yp, zp
@@ -1206,10 +1210,7 @@ subroutine saviscous()
     real(kind=realtype) :: c1m, c1p, c10, b1, c1, d1, qs
     intrinsic mod
     intrinsic max
-! set model constants
-    cv13 = rsacv1**3
-    kar2inv = one/rsak**2
-    cw36 = rsacw3**6
+! set model constant
     cb3inv = one/rsacb3
 !$ad ii-loop
 !
diff --git a/src/adjoint/outputReverseFast/sa_fast_b.f90 b/src/adjoint/outputReverseFast/sa_fast_b.f90
index a19e6d3de..f55eb7736 100644
--- a/src/adjoint/outputReverseFast/sa_fast_b.f90
+++ b/src/adjoint/outputReverseFast/sa_fast_b.f90
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ subroutine sasource_fast_b()
     real(kind=realtype), parameter :: f23=two*third
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cv13, kar2inv, cw36, cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1d, fv2d, ft2d
     real(kind=realtype) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2inv, chi, chi2, chi3
@@ -444,6 +445,7 @@ subroutine sasource()
     real(kind=realtype), parameter :: f23=two*third
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cv13, kar2inv, cw36, cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2inv, chi, chi2, chi3
     real(kind=realtype) :: rr, gg, gg6, termfw, fwsa, term1, term2
@@ -635,6 +637,7 @@ subroutine saviscous_fast_b()
     implicit none
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: nu
     real(kind=realtype) :: nud
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
@@ -652,7 +655,7 @@ subroutine saviscous_fast_b()
     real(kind=realtype) :: tempd
     real(kind=realtype) :: tempd0
     integer :: branch
-! set model constants
+! set model constant
     cb3inv = one/rsacb3
 !$bwd-of ii-loop 
     do ii=0,nx*ny*nz-1
@@ -1020,6 +1023,7 @@ subroutine saviscous()
     implicit none
 ! local variables.
     integer(kind=inttype) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+    real(kind=realtype) :: cb3inv
     real(kind=realtype) :: nu
     real(kind=realtype) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
     real(kind=realtype) :: voli, volmi, volpi, xm, ym, zm, xp, yp, zp
@@ -1028,10 +1032,7 @@ subroutine saviscous()
     real(kind=realtype) :: c1m, c1p, c10, b1, c1, d1, qs
     intrinsic mod
     intrinsic max
-! set model constants
-    cv13 = rsacv1**3
-    kar2inv = one/rsak**2
-    cw36 = rsacw3**6
+! set model constant
     cb3inv = one/rsacb3
 !$ad ii-loop
 !
diff --git a/src/turbulence/sa.F90 b/src/turbulence/sa.F90
index 94cf1dfbe..8232231b1 100644
--- a/src/turbulence/sa.F90
+++ b/src/turbulence/sa.F90
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ subroutine saSource
 
         ! Local variables.
         integer(kind=intType) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+        real(kind=realType) :: cv13, kar2Inv, cw36, cb3Inv
         real(kind=realType) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
         real(kind=realType) :: ss, sst, nu, dist2Inv, chi, chi2, chi3
         real(kind=realType) :: rr, gg, gg6, termFw, fwSa, term1, term2
@@ -354,6 +355,7 @@ subroutine saViscous
         implicit none
         ! Local variables.
         integer(kind=intType) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+        real(kind=realType) :: cb3Inv
         real(kind=realType) :: nu
         real(kind=realType) :: fv1, fv2, ft2
         real(kind=realType) :: voli, volmi, volpi, xm, ym, zm, xp, yp, zp
@@ -362,10 +364,7 @@ subroutine saViscous
         real(kind=realType) :: c1m, c1p, c10, b1, c1, d1, qs
 
 
-        ! Set model constants
-        cv13 = rsaCv1**3
-        kar2Inv = one / (rsaK**2)
-        cw36 = rsaCw3**6
+        ! Set model constant
         cb3Inv = one / rsaCb3
 
         !
@@ -720,6 +719,7 @@ subroutine saSolve
         !  original Spalart-Allmaras model in a decoupled manner using
         !  a diagonal dominant ADI-scheme.
         use blockPointers
+        use constants
         use inputIteration
         use inputPhysics
         use paramTurb
@@ -728,6 +728,7 @@ subroutine saSolve
         implicit none
 
         integer(kind=intType) :: i, j, k, nn, ii
+        real(kind=realType) :: cb3Inv
         real(kind=realType), dimension(2:max(kl, il, jl)) :: bb, cc, dd, ff
         real(kind=realType) :: voli, volmi, volpi, xm, ym, zm, xp, yp, zp
         real(kind=realType) :: xa, ya, za, ttm, ttp, cnud, cam, cap
@@ -740,6 +741,8 @@ subroutine saSolve
         logical, dimension(2:il, 2:jl), target :: flagK2, flagKl
         logical, dimension(:, :), pointer :: flag
 
+        ! Set model constant
+        cb3Inv = one / rsaCb3
 
         ! Initialize the wall function flags to .false.