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Troubleshooting

"option 'X' is not supported with microvm machine type"

Remove the unsupported option:

qm set <vmid> --delete <option>

Common: bios, efidisk0, usb0, hostpci0.

"microvm requires a kernel"

Specify a kernel via --args:

qm set <vmid> --args '-kernel /usr/share/pve-microvm/vmlinuz -append "console=ttyS0 root=/dev/vda rw"'

No console output

  1. Ensure console=ttyS0 is in the kernel command line
  2. Ensure serial0: socket and vga: serial0 are in the VM config
  3. Use qm terminal <vmid> (not noVNC)
  4. Press Enter — the shell may be waiting for input

Kernel panic: "No working init found"

  1. Verify the rootfs has /sbin/init (or use init=/sbin/microvm-init in append)
  2. Verify root device: root=/dev/vda matches the actual root disk
  3. Verify ext4 is compiled into the kernel (not as a module)
  4. Debug: add rdinit=/bin/sh to kernel append to get a pre-init shell

Network not working

  1. Check bridge exists: brctl show
  2. Check tap device: ip link show tap<vmid>i0
  3. Inside guest: ip link — may need DHCP or static config
  4. Try: udhcpc -i eth0 (Alpine) or dhclient eth0 (Debian)

"KVM virtualisation configured, but not available"

ls -la /dev/kvm
modprobe kvm_intel   # or kvm_amd

For nested VMs, enable nested virtualization on the outer hypervisor.

Patches not applied after qemu-server upgrade

/usr/share/pve-microvm/pve-microvm-patch revert
/usr/share/pve-microvm/pve-microvm-patch apply

pve-oci-import fails: "required tool not found"

apt update && apt install skopeo umoci qemu-utils

pve-oci-import fails: "failed to import disk"

The VM must exist first:

qm create <vmid> --machine microvm --memory 256
pve-oci-import --image alpine:3.21 --vmid <vmid>

No network / no guest agent / no balloon

If virtio_net, virtio_console, or virtio_balloon aren't probing, the kernel may have been built without these drivers. Check:

strings /usr/share/pve-microvm/vmlinuz | grep -c virtio_net
# Should be > 0

If zero, rebuild the kernel — the PVE overlay in kernel/pve-microvm-overlay.config forces these to =y.